The encyclopedia · Trading & Investing · Financial decision · 2008–2020
AIMCo's VOLTS strategy lost $2.1B selling volatility — and the market never settled
Alberta's pension manager sold volatility protection to Wall Street banks. When COVID hit, the market never calmed down, and the strategy lost $2.1B.
Alberta Investment Management Corporation (AIMCo) · 2020-03-14
What happened
AIMCo is the Alberta government-owned investment manager, overseeing pension assets, sovereign wealth, and other public funds for Alberta's teachers, public servants, and municipalities. It managed approximately C$120 billion in assets.
In 2008, AIMCo launched the VOLTS (Volatility Trading Strategy), an internally managed program that sold volatility protection — essentially insurance against market crashes — to Wall Street banks. The strategy collected premium income from selling options, generating steady returns in calm markets.
When COVID-19 struck in March 2020, market volatility spiked to unprecedented levels and stayed elevated. The losses from the short volatility positions accumulated rapidly and could not be offset by the gains that would normally materialize as volatility returned to normal levels. The strategy lost C$2.1 billion, about 2% of AIMCo's portfolio.
AIMCo CEO Kevin Uebelein acknowledged the losses in a letter to clients, calling them 'wholly unsatisfactory.' The board of directors completed a review of the strategy, and the VOLTS program was shut down.
Why it happened
- The VOLTS strategy sold volatility protection, collecting premium in calm markets but exposing the fund to catastrophic tail risk when markets crashed.
- When COVID-19 hit, volatility spiked to unprecedented levels and stayed elevated far longer than historical models predicted, preventing the strategy from recovering.
- AIMCo lacked adequate risk controls for selling tail risk — experts called the trades 'amateurish' because the fund was insuring Wall Street banks without capping the downside.
The lesson
Selling tail risk works until the tail arrives. A strategy that makes money 99% of the time but loses everything in the 1% is not a strategy — it's picking up pennies in front of a steamroller.
Sources
- CBC News — Alberta pension manager AIMCo says $2.1B lost on volatility trading strategy
- Financial Post — 'Wholly unsatisfactory': AIMCo acknowledges $2.1 billion loss from volatility-related strategy
- Wikipedia — List of trading losses
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