KPPU fined Google Rp202.5B over mandatory Play Billing; ruling final in 2026

From June 1, 2022, Google required developers distributing apps through the Google Play Store in Indonesia to use Google Play Billing for digital purchases, charged service fees of 15–30 percent, and did not allow alternative payment methods. KPPU, Indonesia's competition commission, opened an own-initiative investigation that September.

On January 21, 2025, KPPU ruled Google had violated Article 17 and Article 25(1)(b) of Law 5/1999: with about 93 percent of the app-distribution market, the policy abused its dominant position and created entry barriers in digital payments. KPPU fined Google Rp202.5 billion (~$12.4 million) and ordered it to stop mandating Play Billing and to let all developers join User Choice Billing with a service-fee cut of at least 5 percent for one year.

Google said it disagreed and would appeal, arguing its practices helped the Indonesian app ecosystem. The Commercial Court at Central Jakarta rejected Google's objection on June 19, 2025; on March 10, 2026, the Supreme Court rejected Google's cassation, making the KPPU decision final and legally binding.

Rp202.5 billion (~$12.4 million) fine plus binding orders to end mandatory Play Billing and cut service fees at least 5% for a year.

A market share of roughly 93 percent in app distribution made the tie between store access and Google's payment rail an abuse of dominant position rather than a commercial choice (CNBC TV18).

The 15–30 percent commission and the ban on alternative payment methods cut developers' earnings and raised entry barriers in digital payments (ASEAN Competition/KPPU).

Google lost at every stage — the commercial court and the Supreme Court — so both the fine and the mandated policy changes became permanent (ASEAN Competition/KPPU).

A platform with ~93% of a market cannot make its payment rail mandatory without antitrust risk. The fine was modest, but the binding policy changes and precedent outlasted three appeals.

The decision is now final: Google must pay the Rp202.5 billion fine and comply with the orders — ending mandatory Google Play Billing and offering all Indonesian developers User Choice Billing with a service-fee reduction of at least 5 percent for one year from the final ruling. Indonesia joins India, the United States and the European Union as jurisdictions that found Google's Play billing model anticompetitive, and the case shows Southeast Asian competition enforcers will take platform-policy cases to the highest court.