The encyclopedia · Strategy & Leadership · Strategic decision · 2016–2020
Bailuyuan folk village drew 120,000 visitors on opening day — it was rubble within 4 years
Bailuyuan opened to 120,000 visitors in one day on a folk-drama boom. Copycat villages, illegal land use and churned operators demolished it in four years.
Shaanxi Weishui Culture Industry Investment Co. · 2016-05-01
What happened
Bailuyuan Folk Culture Village opened on May 1, 2016, in Tianjiapo village near Xi'an, riding the popularity of the novel and TV adaptation 'White Deer Plain' — the same plateau the story was set on. It drew a reported 120,000 visitors on opening day alone. The developer, Shaanxi Weishui Culture Industry Investment, had planned a ¥350 million project across 1,265 mu, but county government records later showed only about ¥70 million was actually invested and only roughly 70 mu — a first phase — was ever built.
Visitor numbers began falling as early as the first Spring Festival after opening, in 2017. Several near-identical Guanzhong folk-themed attractions opened on the same plateau, splitting a crowd that had come for the novelty of one village rather than loyalty to the place. The project also sat on rural collective land leased in violation of China's land-management rules; in December 2016 Lantian County's top official was formally reprimanded by the province partly over the illegal land use, which blocked any fix. The operating company changed twice with no turnaround.
By August 2019, only three vendors remained operating out of what had been a full village of shops; one reported earning just ¥90 in sales over more than half a year. A demolition notice was posted in March 2020, with teardown completed within the month. The site was later earmarked for a Blue City Group mixed-use redevelopment, unrelated to the folk-village concept.
Why it happened
- The opening-day crowd came for the novelty of a TV-drama tie-in, not for anything specific to the location, so it had no reason to return once the novelty wore off.
- Multiple near-identical competitors opened on the same plateau at the same time, splitting a finite, curiosity-driven visitor pool that none of them alone could sustain.
- Building on rural collective land in violation of land-use rules meant the project could never legally expand or fix its offering once demand started falling.
- Two changes of operating company with no strategy shift suggests nobody diagnosed the actual problem before the site had already emptied out.
The lesson
A crowd that comes for a trend leaves with it. Bailuyuan's novelty could not survive copycats on the same hillside, and its illegal land left no legal way to fix what came next.
Aftermath
The site was demolished in March 2020 and handed to Xi'an Blue City Ideal Town Management for a 2,000-mu mixed-use redevelopment — offices, leisure and wellness — with no connection to the original folk-village concept.
Sources
- China News Service (中新网) — Bailuyuan folk village to be demolished, one vendor earned only ¥90 in over half a year (Mar 9 2020)
- Jiemian (界面新闻) — Was the ¥350M Bailuyuan folk village really only ¥70M invested? Multiple factors behind its collapse
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