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The encyclopedia · People & Management · Strategic decision · 2021–2025

China's 8-billion-follower MCN collapsed when its founder was a property scammer

China's top MCN Youliang Culture had 3,000+ brand clients — then founder Luo Guanyan was exposed in a 200M yuan housing scam and the company went bankrupt.

Youliang Culture · Shenzhen Youliang Culture Media Co., Ltd. · 2025-03-07

What happened

Founded in 2021, Shenzhen Youliang Culture Media Co. quickly became one of China's largest multi-channel networks, managing a KOL roster with a cumulative 8 to 9 billion follower IDs. The company served over 3,000 brand clients including Armani, Givenchy, YSL, Estée Lauder, Lancôme, La Mer, Florasis, Cadillac, and OnePlus. Its top talent included Meiniye (31.4 million fans), Cai Luoli, Daimei'er Xiaobawang, and Chen Yili.

In August 2022, Meiniye publicly accused the company of fraud, alleging that founder Luo Guanyan had deceived her out of approximately 15 million yuan through a resettlement housing investment scheme. More KOLs came forward — Xiaogang Xuezhang reported losing 600,000 yuan. The scheme involved over 80 properties worth more than 200 million yuan. Luo faced criminal proceedings and the company was hit with hundreds of consumption restriction orders.

In December 2022, Shenzhen's Futian District Human Resources Bureau fined the company 30,000 yuan for failing to pay 498 employees 5.49 million yuan in wages. By 2025, Youliang was declared bankrupt by the Shenzhen Futian District Court on March 7, 2025, and the case was closed on July 7, 2025.

Why it happened

  • Youliang's business model rested on founder Luo Guanyan's personal credibility, but he was running a Ponzi-like housing scam alongside the legitimate MCN.
  • The company lacked proper financial controls — employee wages and brand contracts were tied to a single person's solvency.
  • China's influencer economy has no regulatory framework for MCN solvency, so neither the brands nor the employees had warning before the collapse.
What it cost200M yuan fraud; 5.5M unpaid wages; 498 staff owedcatastrophic

The lesson

When an MCN's founder is the financial guarantor and the scheme collapses, the entire network — talent, staff and brands — falls with him.

Aftermath

The bankruptcy case was closed on July 7, 2025. Hundreds of consumption restriction applications were filed against Youliang and its legal representative, with executed amounts exceeding 5 million yuan. The case became a landmark warning about concentration risk in China's MCN industry, where agency-level fraud can affect thousands of brands and hundreds of creators simultaneously.

Sources

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