The encyclopedia · Finance & Accounting · Financial decision · 2025
WH Smith found £30M in accounting errors — the FCA found the rest
WH Smith uncovered accounting mistakes in its North America business, restated results, and lost £600M in market value. The FCA opened a formal investigation.
WH Smith · 2025-11-25
What happened
In November 2025, WH Smith revealed that it had uncovered accounting errors in its North America business, initially reported as a £30 million misstatement of profits. The company commissioned an independent review by Deloitte and began restating its financial results. The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) opened a formal investigation into potential breaches of the UK Listing Principles and Disclosure and Transparency Rules.
The market reacted swiftly: WH Smith's shares fell 12% on the announcement, wiping approximately £600 million off the company's market capitalisation. The accounting errors involved revenue recognition issues under IFRS 15, and the company was forced to delay the appointment of a new CFO. It also sought to recover up to £7 million in bonuses from former senior executives who had overseen the period when the errors occurred.
The FCA confirmed its investigation on December 19, 2025. The case was the latest in a series of UK retail accounting failures that raised questions about the effectiveness of internal controls at established high-street names. WH Smith, founded in 1792 and one of the UK's best-known retail brands, saw its reputation for financial stewardship damaged by the revelation.
Why it happened
- Revenue recognition errors in a foreign subsidiary were not caught by the group's internal controls, suggesting the compliance function had not kept pace with the North America expansion
- The misstatement was reported only after it had grown large enough to require a public restatement — the control gap was not caught by routine audit
- The company's governance structure did not prevent the same issue from going undetected across multiple reporting periods
The lesson
A subsidiary's accounting error is a group control failure. WH Smith's misstatement was not caught by internal audit, external audit, or the board — only when the numbers stopped adding up.
Sources
- WH Smith profit falls short after review of some US businesses — Reuters, December 2025
- FCA makes enquiries into WH Smith's overstated profits — Reuters, November 2025
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