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The encyclopedia · Marketing & Brand · Strategic decision · 2020-2025

Three Squirrels lost ¥20B in market cap — the snack king that peaked too early

The beloved Chinese snack brand closed 700 stores, saw net profit halve and cash flow turn negative by 1075%

Three Squirrels · 三只松鼠 · 2025-08-27

What happened

Three Squirrels, once China's most iconic online snack brand, rode the e-commerce boom to a 2020 peak stock price of ¥87.63 and a market capitalisation of over ¥30 billion. Its cute mascots and aggressive Tmall presence made it a household name. But the model that built it — heavy reliance on platform traffic, a sprawling offline store network, and thin product differentiation — began to crack as competition intensified and the cost of online traffic rose.

By 2025, the stock had fallen to ¥19.30, a 77% decline from the peak, wiping out over ¥20 billion in market value. The company closed roughly 710 of its 1,043 offline stores. Net profit fell 22.5% year-on-year in Q1 2025, and cash flow collapsed by 1,075%. Even with over ¥100 million in government subsidies, net profit for the full year was down nearly 70%. Food safety complaints — foreign objects in products — added to the brand damage.

Why it happened

  • Three Squirrels was a traffic-driven brand with thin product moats — when e-commerce platform costs rose, the economics of the entire model broke
  • The offline expansion added 1,043 stores without building the supply chain or quality control to support them, leading to 700 closures and repeated food safety incidents
What it cost¥20B market cap loss; 77% stock decline; 700 stores closedcostly

The lesson

A brand built on cute mascots and platform traffic is not a brand — it is a short-term marketing campaign, and the bill comes due when traffic costs rise

Sources

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    Somewhere, someone solved the problem this company failed at. 2nd Opinion →