The encyclopedia · Strategy & Leadership · Strategic decision · 2020–2025
Hyundai opened a duty-free megastore as the pandemic hit — shut it 5 years later
Opened 20 February 2020, weeks before borders closed; shut July 2025 with Hyundai Duty Free's first-ever staff buyout and the network halved.
Hyundai Duty Free · Doosan · 2025-04-01
What happened
On 20 February 2020, Hyundai Duty Free opened its second downtown store on floors 6–13 of Doosan Tower in Seoul's Dongdaemun district — 15,551 square metres leased for five years after Doosan handed back its duty-free patent in October 2019. The opening went ahead on schedule even as the pandemic was already shrinking the consumer market; the store was pitched at trend-sensitive foreign visitors in their twenties and thirties, and the group talked of ₩2 trillion in duty-free sales.
The recovery the store was built for never arrived in that shape. Chinese group tourism did not return at pre-pandemic scale, and spending patterns shifted. The Dongdaemun store was still doing around ₩220 billion in annual sales by 2025, but the losses kept accumulating across the chain.
On 1 April 2025, Hyundai DF disclosed that the Dongdaemun store would close on 31 July and its patent be returned. At the same time the flagship Trade Center store was cut from three floors to two, and the company ran the first voluntary retirement programme in its history. In one announcement, half of its four-store network was closed or downsized.
Why it happened
- The store opened on schedule because the lease was signed, just as the pandemic collapsed the tourist flows a downtown duty-free store lives on.
- Five years of fixed rent and duty-free inventory sat against the most volatile demand stream in retail.
- Management kept the store open through five loss-making years on the expectation that the Chinese market would recover.
The lesson
Opening on schedule because the lease is signed is a bet that demand returns on schedule too. Fixed rent against tourist flows you cannot control is speculation, not a store plan.
Aftermath
Hyundai Duty Free continued with its remaining stores on a smaller footprint, while Korea's duty-free industry kept shedding capacity — Shinsegae had already closed its Busan store in January 2025, and every major operator ran restructuring programmes as Chinese group tourism stayed below pre-pandemic levels.
Sources
- Hankyoreh — "'Swamp of losses' Hyundai Duty Free to close Dongdaemun store, shrink Trade Center", 1 April 2025 (closure disclosed 31 July; industry slump cited)
- Money Today — "Hyundai Department Store's Dongdaemun duty-free store opens today", 20 February 2020 (opened on schedule despite the pandemic; 2030 target, ₩2T sales goal)
- Kookmin Ilbo — "Hyundai Duty Free Dongdaemun store closure and restructuring", 2025 (first voluntary retirement programme; industry downturn)
- NewsWhoPlus — "Hyundai Duty Free closes Dongdaemun store, first-ever voluntary retirement", 2025 (store ran ~₩220B in sales; Trade Center cut from 3 floors to 2)
- Goodkyung — "Hyundai Department Store Duty Free opens second Dongdaemun store", February 2020 (₩2T duty-free sales target at launch)
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